The Final Steps Into The Ordinary Essay Example For Students

The Final Steps Into The Ordinary Essay marcus SnellEnglish 101 1:00-1:5011/6/00The Final Steps Into The Ordinary?Its hard sometimes to put your finger on the tipping point of tolerance. Its not usually the Thurgood Marshalls and the Sally Rides, the big headlines and the major stories. Its in the small incremental ways the world stops seeing differences as threatening?And its finally happening for gay men and lesbians. Theyre becoming ordinary.? In the September issue of Newsweek magazine Ann Quindlen wrote an article entitled The Right To Be Ordinary. In this article Quindlen addresses the issue of gays and lesbians becoming a part of every day life. The article states that even though there is still a lot of discrimination in our country; being gay or lesbian over the years has become more widely accepted. The author effectively argues this point by her use of anecdotes, her tone, and by ?. We will write a custom essay on The Final Steps Into The Ordinary specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Quindlen successfully uses anecdotes to show readers how gay men and lesbians are becoming more commonplace. She builds her credibility by use actual anecdotes that have really occurred and have been reported in many newspapers. On incident that she reported was the Supreme Courts decision that the Boy Scouts had a right to keep out gay scoutmasters. This seems like a setback but it was actually a blessing in disguise. Even though the gay scoutmaster lost his trial, it was the Scouting officials that really took the beating. Men who had been Eagle Scouts for years began to send back their badges. The United Way would no longer support them and took away their funding. Cities and states soon prohibited the Boy Scouts from using public facilities. All this the Boy Scouts lost because of one little act of intolerance for a fellow human being. An additional example would be that during the summer in Vermont, nearly 500 gay and lesbian couples were united in civil unions. Even if these unions were only a ?second-class? type of marriage, it still meant something to the individuals. Unlike how many religious leaders have felt, nothing awful occurred because of these marriages ?The sky did not fall. The earth did not split in two. Happy families and happy friends watched happy people pledge their love.? Anna Quindlens tone made the editorial both successful and unsuccessful in relaying the point of her thesis. In writing her editorial, Quindlen used a somewhat humorous and aggravated tone. Her humorous tone was shown strongest when she was talking about Dr. Laura Schlessinger and about the Biblical text. To quote Quindlen about a letter written to Schlessinger, ? It thanks the conservative radio talk-show host, who has a loyal following of people who apparently were not yelled at enough as children and are trying to find someo ne to make up for it, for educating people regarding Gods law on homosexuality.? Quindlen also addressed a few questions that the Bible had raised in her mind. The Bible states that slaves may be bought from neighboring nations. She was confused because a friend had told her that this stood for Mexicans but not Canadians. Another passage tells her that she is morally obligated to put her neighbor to death because he works on the Sabbath day. Last of all, she talks of how her friend told her that eating shellfish is an abomination (again according to the Bible) but a lesser abomination that homosexuality. Quindlen disagrees with this statement, along with the ones before it, and would like some clarification. This humorous tone kept the editorial entertaining and gave a different perspective on how to view what the Bible has to say exactly. .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485 , .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485 .postImageUrl , .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485 , .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485:hover , .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485:visited , .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485:active { border:0!important; } .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485:active , .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485 .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u834bb10e108b5efc5ed0255b2b78b485:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Recycling EssayA hint of aggravation could also be heard coming through to the reader. Sign of aggravation were ineffective in conveying her thesis. Anna Quindlens aggravation illustrated that even with all the progress the human race has made, with accepting differences; we still have a long way to go. Some of the strongest feelings of irritation are present near the end of the editorial. ?There are still too many gay bias murders, too, and too many committed by young men who feel threatened by the very notion of homosexuality. Thats one of the saddest things about the decision by the Boy Scouts, that they send a clear message to those who most need to learn tolerance tha t homophobia is acceptable, natural, even praiseworthy.? Little amounts of aggravation is expected when dealing with a subject as important as this. The statement Quindlen made had to be made so she could show that even though we have progressed; we still need to deal with others and ourselves individually. A THIRD POINT GOES HERE!!!!!!?It is almost tangible, the ways in which ordinary people who happen to be gay have become unremarkable.? Quindlen said this at the end of her editorial speaking of the guy who won ?Survivor? and how he was a gay man. He was only an ordinary man who made his way to the top by succeeding. It just so happened that he was gay, big deal. He was just another person wining a million dollars because of his mental and (in his case) physical strength.

Free Essays on Alfred Hitchcock

Films were a great form of entertainment from their debut in the early 1900’s and continued to grow more popular over the years. The film making business hit a growth period in the 1920’s. In Hollywood, the assembly line â€Å"studio† system of producing a movie was changed and refined, and the famous studious that dominate Hollywood production today, such as Universal Studious, were being put together. Censorship regulations were being formulated for the first time, and Wall Street began to take a more prominent, powerful role in film making. It was the era of short silent films that were backed by organists who could play a variety of famous composers such as Beethoven, and Sousa, and who mastered other sound affects for further enhancement of the movie. It was a time when movies came and went quickly and films that had no pretense of being art were made in mass. Nobody ever expected a movie to have an afterlife. They were made only for entertainment and to mak e money, and were considered disposable back then. It took decades to develop movies as a concept of art. During this time of rapid change in the film making business, a certain aspiring director began his dream of working with cinema. Eventually, the talented and mysterious director, Alfred Hitchcock, played a huge part in establishing his and others’ masterpieces as an art. Born on August 13th, 1899, in London, England, Hitchcock’s childhood was that of a lower class Roman Catholic child who attended church regularly. His parents were greengrocers, William and Emma Hitchcock. A strict man, William once told a five year old Albert to go to the police station with a note from his father after some mischief making. Upon reading the note, a sergeant put young Alfred in a cell and left him there for ten minutes. The policeman returned only to tell him, â€Å"This is what happens to naughty boys.† This story and Hitchcock’s Roman Catholic background encompassed all the the... Free Essays on Alfred Hitchcock Free Essays on Alfred Hitchcock Films were a great form of entertainment from their debut in the early 1900’s and continued to grow more popular over the years. The film making business hit a growth period in the 1920’s. In Hollywood, the assembly line â€Å"studio† system of producing a movie was changed and refined, and the famous studious that dominate Hollywood production today, such as Universal Studious, were being put together. Censorship regulations were being formulated for the first time, and Wall Street began to take a more prominent, powerful role in film making. It was the era of short silent films that were backed by organists who could play a variety of famous composers such as Beethoven, and Sousa, and who mastered other sound affects for further enhancement of the movie. It was a time when movies came and went quickly and films that had no pretense of being art were made in mass. Nobody ever expected a movie to have an afterlife. They were made only for entertainment and to mak e money, and were considered disposable back then. It took decades to develop movies as a concept of art. During this time of rapid change in the film making business, a certain aspiring director began his dream of working with cinema. Eventually, the talented and mysterious director, Alfred Hitchcock, played a huge part in establishing his and others’ masterpieces as an art. Born on August 13th, 1899, in London, England, Hitchcock’s childhood was that of a lower class Roman Catholic child who attended church regularly. His parents were greengrocers, William and Emma Hitchcock. A strict man, William once told a five year old Albert to go to the police station with a note from his father after some mischief making. Upon reading the note, a sergeant put young Alfred in a cell and left him there for ten minutes. The policeman returned only to tell him, â€Å"This is what happens to naughty boys.† This story and Hitchcock’s Roman Catholic background encompassed all the the...

Homework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 29

Homework - Essay Example However, as a Barnaby College graduate, I believe that you will be able to sail through the challenges jus like me. In my case, after graduation, I entered the job market, and later did my MBA at Harvard. Landing a job with the Flyover Airlines was a fantastic experience for me. While there, I applied all my knowledge and expertise, and due to my excellent performance, I quickly climbed up the career ladder to become the President of Flyover Airlines. While serving as the President of Flyover Airlines, I employed my innovativeness to develop new programs. Among them is the new service, AirTaxi. This employs small jets, and flies passengers at 20% more than the normal fare, as the flights are made on demand. Those of you that read last year’s issue of the International Airlines Magazine can testify that Flyover Airlines was named the Small Airliner of the year. This was all thanks to the new service, which I innovatively developed. Barnaby College emphasized and nurtured in me innovativeness, among other key skills. Therefore, my soon-to-be fellow alumni, go out there and make use of all the skills and knowledge you have acquired at Barnaby. Only through this way will you make your future to be unquestionably

International financial markets IP 1 Assignment

International financial markets IP 1 - Assignment Example This paper is an attempt to look into the differences that exist in two countries where Acme Corporation is considering establishing a Greenfield investment. These two countries are the United Kingdom and Nigeria. Well, it must be remembered that these two countries are totally different in several aspects that can really affect the decision of the corporation to venture into their markets. The UK is a member of the European Commission and is generally a developed economy with good and well managed sectors. On the other hand, Nigeria is one of the largest economies in Africa with a very large consumer population that drives economic growth. Trade and economic policies The UK prractices an open economy where trade liberalization and competition for free trade is highly cherished and encouraged. Any business is able to trade freely and invest competitively without any unnecessary restrictions from the government. One of the greatest concerns of the government here is to maximize the op portunities that exist for international trade in order to economically benefit the country. Well, this is after the recognition that trade enables countries to specialize in activities that enable them to fully explore and exploit their resources and strengths. This open economy system has enabled the UK to experience high economic growth rates over the years especially in the post-war era. The policy has also strengthened the UK’s consumer markert as corporations and businesses strive to stay competitive amid the challenges and realities of this age (Smith, 2010). Over the years the UK has been known as a haven of very favorable trade policies that enabled many of its firms go multinational. Even though this attribute has slightly been lost over the years courtesy of very high interest rates and the global financial meltdown, the government through the Bank of England has incessantly been trying to bring down the interest rates and increase the money supply in the banking s ystem with a view of restoring economic stability. Nevertheless it must be remembered that the trade policies in the UK are generally investor friendly and may not be much different from the US case. Nigeria is a developing economy grappling with the economic challenges that affect most countries in this category. However, it is a booming economy driven by its productive oil sector coupled with a very high population that creates a lot of demand for consumer goods and services. Even though the federal government of Nigeria recognizes the benefits of trade liberalization and the need to open up the market for international competition, challenges have always been realized. Like in any other developing country, the infant industries have to be protected from the stiff competition posed by foreign corporations. There also exists the common assumption that free trade can only exist under an ideal economic system which is always impossibility. Nigerian trade policies are driven under the auspices of the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) that seeks to restore the economy of the country after several decades of economic instability that bedeviled the country (Olaloku, 2007). As such, the government has been trying to encourage capital inflows into the country through foreign direct investments. This is in a bid to reduce the country’s dependence on the oil sector by creating other sources of revenue. However, the federal gover

International Business Strategy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

International Business Strategy - Assignment Example International business operators have adopted a new form of business that entails standardization of the product with the intention of offering and bringing together product and service development and processing. In this aspect, multinationals have tried to make one corporation with branches and operations across the world. The thinking, in this case, is influenced by the precise customer needs and the cultural and geographical factors that impact on the purchasing behavior. Therefore, it is possible to have an international company, say a restaurant, offering entirely different types of goods and services in different parts of the world. This depends on the people living in a certain global locality. Nevertheless, the company’s logo and brand name continue to unite its global customers.   Another thinking of the international business that has evolved is the arbitrage thinking. This involves the exploitation of the differences that arise between regional and national marke ts. Business operators are now required to be more vigilant in the location of important parts of the supply chain in different regions. For instance, Europeans, mainly value opening many retail shops while Indians value the initiation of call centers to monitor employees and customers and create a better channel of communication.Another strategic thinking, that has characterized and shaped international business, is the competitive rivalry between different producers and suppliers in the international markets.

Plan for Employees in Small Business

Plan for Employees in Small Business Dairy store Introduction Our business is small business type in the New Zealand most of the business is small type and our business name is Kumars dairy. In the dairy store we can buy the so many different products in the one roof. As small operators, they cannot offer bulk discounts as compare to supermarket. To run this business they hire the staff. As I owner in this company I have to hire manager, customer service, check out service, accounting and other staff. Location- I open my Kumars diary shop near the summit drive, Mt Albert because in this place there is no any dairy store in this location and we can attract so many people. Service and product- In our Kumars dairy we can provide different product like milk, eggs, dairy products, perishables, newspapers, lotto and so on. We can also give the customer service as well as top up mobile and At hop card. Reason for this business- I open this business because in this store we can buy the anything in the one roof. To help this business we can make new friends and also make more money. I agree in this era so many people prefer super market I know but when they forget to buy something from supermarket then they prefer dairy store rather then again visit to the super market. In this small business we can easily make more money. Capability- As I manage this dairy store I have ability to choose the staff which person we need this company and which place. I also manager the all staff. I also trained the staff under my supervision. I also know about the new technology and how to use this technology. Setup the business- To open this business firstly I need to calculate the budget to open the dairy store, if I have dont sufficient fund to open my store then I go to the bank and apply the business loan to build our new business as well as I also find the place for lease and suppliers. Opening-closing (timing) Days Mon Tues Wed Thus Fri Sat Sun Opening and closing 7:00 AM- 9:00 PM 7:00 AM- 9:00PM 7:00 AM- 9:00 PM 7:00 AM- 9:00 PM 7:00 AM- 9:00 PM 7:00 AM- 9:00 PM 10:00 AM- 5:00 PM Working hour of employees Fulltime and part-time worker Part time- 20 hour Full time 40 hour Casual worker-12 hour Roster (timing) Staff Mon Tues Wed Thus Fri Sat Sun owner 9 toÂÂ   9 9 to 9 9 to 9 9 to 9 9 to 9 9 to 9 Manager 7 to 7 7 to 7 8 to 9 7 to 9 7 to 9 10 to 5 Labour (full time) 7 to 9 7 to 9 7 to 9 7 to 9 7 to 9 7 to 9 Labour (Part time) 7 to 9 10 to 5 Responsibility and Accountability Staff Responsibility Accountability Owner(kartikey) Give the pay in time Dont dominate other staff members Manager(Hootz) Manager responsibilities are mange the roaster and supervise the entire staff member. Manager Accountabilities do not dominate other workers and always provide the good customer service. Fulltime(Amrit) Mange the checkout service and other work Give the customer service Part-time(lovish) Fill the all stuff Be in time Holidays and leave wages Holidays are: New Years Day January, Sunday 1st (observed Tuesday 3rd) Day after New Years Day January, Monday 2nd Wellington Anniversary January, Monday 23rd Auckland Anniversary January, Monday 30th Nelson Anniversary January, Monday 30th Waitangi Day February, Monday 6th Taranaki Anniversary March, Monday 13th Otago Anniversary March, Monday 20th Daylight Saving ends April, Sunday 2nd Good Friday April, Friday 14th Easter Monday April, Monday 17th Easter Tuesday April, Tuesday 18th Southland Anniversary April, Tuesday 18th ANZAC Day April, Tuesday 25th Queens Birthday June, Monday 5th Daylight Saving starts September, Sunday 24th South Canterbury Anniversary September, Monday 25th Hawkes Bay Anniversary October, Friday 20th Labour Day October, Monday 23rd Marlborough Anniversary October, Monday 30th Canterbury Anniversary November, Friday 17th Chatham Islands Anniversary November, Monday 27th Westland Anniversary December, Monday 4th Christmas Day December, Monday 25th Boxing Day December, Tuesday 26th (holiday) Hours and wages Type of minimum wage Per hour 8 hour day 40 hour week 80 hour fortnight Adult $15.25 $122.00 $610.00 $1,220.00 Starting-out $12.20 $97.60 $488.00 $976.00 Training $12.20 $97.60 $488.00 $976.00 (wages ) Leaves and Equal Wages Rise to pay for equivalent work is the idea of work rights that people in a similar work environment be given equivalent pay. It is most regularly utilized as a part of the setting of sexual separation, in connection to the sex pay crevice. Level with pay identifies with the full scope of installments and advantages, including essential pay, non-pay installments, rewards and remittances. A few nations have moved quicker than others in tending to the issue. Since President John F. Kennedy marked the Equal Pay Act of 1963, it has been unlawful in the United States to pay men and ladies working in a similar place diverse pay rates for comparable work. Â   Â   Health and safetyÂÂ   Equal Employment Opportunities Gender equality In this statement company cannot discrimination toward the staff members because in this type of business all staff members are same. In the New Zealand business nobody discriminated in the level of wages because they have right gender equality. Collective agreement Collective employment agreements are agreements between employers and registered unions that cover employees in the employers workplace. Collective employment agreements must: Be in composing Be marked by businesses and unions that are gatherings to the understanding Have a scope condition expressing the work that the understanding spreads Incorporate a plain dialect clarification of how to deal with any business relationship issues, including the 90-day time frame For bringing an individual grievance Incorporate a statement expressing how the understanding can be changed Incorporate an expiry date or express an occasion that will mean the assertion lapses Incorporate an arrangement that follows the Holidays Act 2003 necessity for workers to be paid in any event time and a half For work on open occasions Much of the time, incorporate an arrangement expressing how workers will be secured if the business is sold, exchanged or contracted out. (collective) Individual agreement Every representative must have a composed work assention. The assention can be either an individual understanding or an aggregate assention. An singular business understanding doesnt need to be marked by the business and worker yet it ought to be. There are a few things that must be in your work assention and different things that are ordinarily in business understandings however dont need to be, for example, your notice period. Minimum rights, (for example, the lowest pay permitted by law and yearly occasions) are legitimate prerequisites and apply regardless of the possibility that theyre not in the business understanding. Your business assention cant decrease these or exchange them off for different things. Employers are required to keep a duplicate of the work assention. The business must keep a proposed assention regardless of the possibility that the representative hasnt marked it. Workers are qualified for a duplicate of their concurrence on demand. The sort of business understanding a worker is on may rely on upon regardless of whether they are a union part. It is the representatives decision whether they join a union, and a business cant undo impact their decision. On the off chance that a worker joins a union, they will be secured by the important aggregate assention, if there is on. (https://employment.govt.nz) Employment disputes Indeed, even the best-run business must be set up to manage work question. A representative may have a conflict with a manager, question an execution assessment or trust that organization arrangements are as a rule unjustifiably upheld. While a few nations have work courts to determine such debate, in the United States, bosses must discover approaches to determine these issues outside the courts. Effectively arranging a work debate brings about all sides feeling they have been tuned in to and judged reasonably. Negotiation Transaction is by all accounts the favoured basic leadership system when representatives are looking for independently custom fitted arrangements, for example, changes in accordance with travel and work routines. Mediation With the help of Mediation, both sides in a question take a seat with an outsider facilitator to examine the circumstance and attempt to achieve an answer. The facilitator, or middle person, has no interest in the result of the issue, and stays unbiased is called Mediation. Adjudication Adjudication is a legal term that refers to the process of hearing and settling a case. It usually represents the final judgment or pronouncement in a case that determines the required course of action in reference to the issue presented. Adjudication can also refer to the process of validating an insurance claim as well as a decree in the bankruptcy process between the defendant and the creditors. (www.investopedia.com)Follow us: Investopedia on Facebook ALLOCATION AND EVALUATION OF WORK Evaluation are generally done on more than one occasion a year, however you might need to plan a registration with new workers prior, to ensure theyre settling in well. Setting up an evaluation You should to: give your representative time to get ready by booking the meeting no less than two or three weeks ahead of time book a private meeting place where you wont be hindered request that your representative get ready reactions to inquiries like: how well they believe theyre doing in their employment which parts of their employment theyre doing admirably and where they think they could progress regardless of whether they require any gear or preparing to help in their part how they feel about their occupation and the organization what they would change on the off chance that they could? do your own readiness survey: your representatives set of working responsibilities your notes from past audits execution pointers (deals or generation figures, letters from fulfilled clients, or different measurements). get criticism from different workers, partners or key clients set up your representative for extreme inquiries in the event that theyre not performing, caution them that youll have to talk about why certain objectives or targets werent met and welcome them to go to the meeting with conceivable arrangements. (www.business.govt.nz) Responsibilities of Manager The manager responsibilities in the business are very important because without manager business cannot be run. Manager is the root of organization. He set the all roaster and manage the all staff member as well as he give the order to all the staff what you do or not today work. ÂÂ   (http://thebizmanagementguide.com/responsibilities-of-a-manager-in-business-management/) Responsibilities of Employees Employees responsibilities are be on time, good customer service last but not a least he should be prepare know about the first aid box. Always good behaviour with customers and staff fellows. (http://www.libertyshoes.com/aboutus/social-responsibility) Job description of dairy (careercoverletter)

Empiricism and Connie

Although Connie works hard to present the appearance of being a mature woman who is experienced with men, her encounter with Arnold reveals that this is only a performance. She has created an attractive adult persona through her clothing, hairstyle, and general behavior and gets the attention she desires from boys. But Connie confuses her ability to command attention from boys with her desire to actually have them pursue her in a sexual way.The love and romance evident in songs she listens to and images of pop culture that surround her are much different from the reality of adult sexuality. Although Connie does experiment with sexuality, such as when she goes into the alley with Eddie, she is fearful of actually becoming an adult. Arnold Friend takes her by force into adulthood, but this violent act represents a shift within Connie herself: the abandoning of childlike fantasy for the realities of being a mature woman.Although Connie works hard to present the appearance of being a mat ure woman who is experienced with men, her encounter with Arnold reveals that this is only a performance.She has created an attractive adult persona through her clothing, hairstyle, and general behavior and gets the attention she desires from boys. But Connie confuses her ability to command attention from boys with her desire to actually have them pursue her in a sexual way. The love and romance evident in songs she listens to and images of pop culture that surround her are much different from the reality of adult sexuality.

Essay on Psychopathology and Abnormal Psychology Essay

One of the most controversial aspects of society throughout history can be seen in the way society views people with illnesses. Often times, people persecute their fellowmen just because they do not seem â€Å"normal† or they seem to â€Å"not belong† with the current society. These problems have led to the development of a branch of psychology which aimed to look at the causes and other related information that formed these mental illnesses. This branch of psychology came to be known as abnormal psychology. Abnormal psychology is that segment of the field which studies mental illnesses and abnormal behavior. The field covers problems such as depression, obsession, and even sexual deviation. The field also traced the symptoms, etiology, effects, and how these illnesses are maintained. Before we study abnormal psychology though, we must first look into what people see as abnormal. Historically, many of the earliest civilizations attribute mental disorders and illnesses as manifestations of evil spirits; some even have practices which remove parts of the skull using primitive tools as a means of releasing these evil spirits. As time progressed though, people such as priests, shamans, and witch doctors have been employed to supposedly rid these individuals of the â€Å"malicious† spirits which inhabit their bodies. During the times of the Greeks and the Romans, diagnosing and identifying mental illnesses have become more scientific. However, during this period, mystical and supernatural explanations still prevail over the ideas of modern science. One example is Homer, according to him, mental illnesses are caused by God, taking away the minds of the victims. It is not until Hippocrates wrote numerous accounts, journals, essays, papers and other scholarly work that made the study more scientific. In his papers, Hippocrates wrote about things such as psychosis, mania, phobias, and paranoia. His theory, however, still is flawed because he attributed the illnesses to four fluids in the human body: black and yellow bile, phlegm, and blood. During the middle ages, more horrifying and disturbing accounts were given, According to studies, during this period, people with mental illnesses were classified as witches, and they were â€Å"hunted† so as to rid them of the physical world. It was further justified by the writing of the Malleus Malifacarum (Withc’s Hammer) in 1486. In 1563, a person by the name of Jahann Weyer wrote a book called De Praestigiis Daemonum (The Deception of Demons). The book discredited the beliefs that demons were the culprits in mental illnesses and instead brought out the point that natural causes may indeed result in abnormal behavior. He also looked at the possibility of the use of drugs as sparks which caused these said disorders. With his work, the study of mental abnormalities became more humanitarian and started to look for treatment, rather than damnation, for its victims. In 1769, Benjamin Rush, a professors of chemistry and medicine at the college of Philadelphia became the father of American psychiatry. He instituted reform by putting into action several changes such as better ventilation, separation and classification of violent and non-violent patients, and created programs for recreation catering to the patients who suffer from mental illness. By 1880, Dorthea Dix, a schoolteacher from Boston started a campaign which led to the opening of 32 psychiatric hospitals which prioritized the poor and the needy. Several other prominent people paved the way for the contemporary notion of psychopathology. Emil Kraeplin was the one who introduced to society different classifications of mental disorders. This led the way to a closer relationship between medicine and psychiatry. The classification focused on two important groups – the praecox or what is no known as the schizophrenics, and the manic-depressive psychopaths. He believed that these illnesses were caused by chemical imbalance and irregularities in other aspects of the person such as one’s metabolism. Another important person which helped develop the field of study was Clifford Beers. Beers himself suffered a mental breakdown but was able to overcome it. Upon his recovery, he wrote a book which he titled A Mind That Found Itself. Beers and his book were responsible for the foundation of the National Committee for Mental Hygiene, a branch of government which worked to prevent illnesses as well as make sure that any treatment conducted is classified as humane. Today, abnormal psychology focuses on the 4 D’s, these are distress, dysfunction, deviance, and danger. One should note though, that these 4 d’s are seen as judgments, not objective behavior. First of all is dysfunction. Dysfunction is defined as a difficult or abnormal function. In psychology, one of the most popular diseases caused by a dysfunction of the brain is schizophrenia. This disorder is caused by enlarged ventricles, reduced blood flow to the frontal lobe, and an excess of dopamine. Schizophrenia is a chronic disorder that is characterized by people who talk to themselves, yell at someone else which seem imaginary, and other symptoms. Another aspect of the psychopathology is distress. Distress in psychology can lead to numerous diseases, most popular of which are anorexia and bulimia. Often times, people who develop these conditions see it as a way of coping with negative emotions or painful feelings. Traumatic events in a person’s life may also trigger disorders in eating. Danger results in one of the most overlooked psychological disorder in an individual. Often times, notions of fear will develop into anxiety. Anxiety, unlike normal fear, can be characterized by four inherent characteristics. First of all, it is defined by a specific target; secondly, anxiety is experienced in response to the target of fear; third, the target feared by the individual is avoided; and finally anxiety tends to be more chronic. One of the most interesting in the 4 d’s is deviance. We might see something as deviant behavior, but we do not know is that this deviant behavior for us is the deviant’s â€Å"normal† function. This is why this is the most blurred classification out of all of the things that we characterize as abnormal. From here, there are three important viewpoints which look at mental disorders and their causes. These three models are the biological, psychosocial, and the socio-cultural models. First of all, the biological model looks at the brain as the cause of the abnormal behavior. According to proponents of this model, mental disorders are caused by the different chemical imbalances in the brain, and as such, leads to the difference in a person’s behavior. The socio-cultural approach looks at the role that society plays with regards to human behavior. According to its proponents, society and culture play a major role in determining if an individual will be labeled as â€Å"mentally ill† or has a mental disorder. Often times, this is where social deviance is seen; this is due to the idea that one is deviant for a culture may be the norms of the other. Finally, the psychosocial approach looks at underlying influences which are often times unconscious. This approach looks at the childhood and past experiences of the victim. Proponents of this approach are Sigmund Freud and Josef Brener. The approach theorizes that the disorder occurs when the individual becomes â€Å"fixated† to the stage wherein the negative experience has occurred. Looking at these evolutions in the field of abnormal psychology, it becomes positive enough that the approach, which was more of spiritual during earlier times, transforms itself into a more rational field of study. More importantly, these approaches lead us not to discriminate people with these disorders, but rather try to understand them and help them get better. Bibliography Abnormal Psychology. Blackwell Publishing. Retrieved April 10, 2009 from http://www. blackwellpublishing. com/intropsych/pdf/chapter15. pdf What is Abnormal Psychology? About. com. Retrieved April 10, 2009 from http://psychology. about. com/od/glossaryfromatoz/g/abnormalpsyc. htm Harris, Kevin. History of Abnormal Psychology. History of Psychology. Retrieved April 10, 2009 from http://www3. niu. edu/acad/psych/Millis/History/mainsheet. htm Bickard, Mark. The Nature of Psychopathology. Retrieved April 10, 2009 from http://www. lehigh. edu/~mhb0/psychopath. html

Learning How and When to Say No

Learning How and When to Say No Learning to say no to people is one of the best things you can do for yourself, yet many people find it extremely difficult. Why? Because they want to be liked. The ironic thing is, people will like you better and respect you more if you say no when its appropriate! Why Say No 1. People will respect you. People who say yes to everything in an attempt to be liked are quickly recognized as pushovers. When you say no to someone you are letting them know that you have boundaries. You are showing that you respect yourselfand that is how you gain respect from others. 2. People will actually see you as more dependable. When you say yes only when you have the time and true ability to do a great job, then youll gain a reputation for being dependable. If you say yes to everything, youre bound to do a bad job at everything. 3. When youre selective with your tasks, youll sharpen your natural strengths. If you concentrate on the things youre good at, youll be able to improve on your natural talents. For example, if youre a great writer but youre not so great as an artist, you may volunteer to write speeches but you shouldnt sign up to make the posters for your club. Concentrate on your strength and build your skills (and your experience) for college. 4. Your life will be less stressful. You may be tempted to say yes to people in order to please them. In the long run, youre only hurting yourself and others when you do this. You stress yourself out by overloading yourself, and you experience increased stress when you realize youre bound to let them down. When to Say No First lets point out the obvious: Do your homework. You should never say no to a teacher, friend, or family member who is merely asking you to live up to your responsibilities. Its not okay to say no to a class assignment, just because you dont feel like doing it for some reason. This is not an exercise in cockiness. It is OK to say no when somebody is asking you to step outside your true responsibilities and outside your comfort zone to take on a task that is dangerous or one that will overload you and affect your academic work and your reputation. For example: If a teacher suggests that you become the president of a club that he or she is advising, but your schedule is already over-packed.If a popular athlete asks you to help with his/her homework and you dont have time.If anybody asks you to do their homework for them.If anybody asks you to give them information that was on a test (if they have a later class with the same teacher). It can be very difficult to say no to somebody whom you really respect, but youll find that you actually gain respect from them when you show enough courage to say no. How to Say No We say yes to people because its easy. Learning to say no is like learning anything: it seems really scary at first, but its so rewarding when you get the hang of it! The trick to saying no is doing it firmly without sounding rude. You must avoid being wishy-washy. Here are some lines you can practice: If a teacher asks you to take on more responsibility than you need: Thank you for thinking of me, but I will have to say no. Im just over-scheduled at this time.If a teacher asks you to do something you dont feel comfortable with: This sounds like it would be a great opportunity for somebody, but its not right for me.If somebody wants you to cheat: Sorry, I dont share my homework. That would get us both in trouble.If somebody tries to push work off on you: I just dont have the time to do a good job at that right now.If somebody tries to overload you with a task: I cant do that because I have an assignment due tomorrow.If somebody tries to unload a problem on you: I understand your situation, but I dont have an answer for you. When You Have to Say Yes There will be times when you want to say no but you can’t. If youre working on a group project, you have to take on some of the work, but you dont want to volunteer for everything. When you have to say yes, you can do it with firm conditions. A conditional yes may be necessary if you know you should do something but you also know you dont have all the time or resources. An example of a conditional yes is: Yes, Ill make the posters for the club, but I wont pay for all the supplies. Saying no is all about gaining respect. Gain respect for yourself by saying no when its necessary. Gain the respect of others by saying no in a polite way.

Optimization of Human Resource Allocation in Software Development essay

Optimization of Human Resource Allocation in Software Development essay Optimization of Human Resource Allocation in Software Development essay Optimization of Human Resource Allocation in Software Development essaySoftware development industry is one of the core industries in the modern world. New software products are used for automating processes in virtually all spheres of human life. This fact contributes to the diversity of domains for software projects. Rapid evolution of software frameworks, technologies and approaches creates a constant need for change. Hence, companies operating in software development industry have to deal with short-term projects, projects with very specific knowledge requirements, projects requiring special expertise, etc. This diversity creates a situation when software developments and other IT professionals are involved in the projects from time to time, often combine working on several projects and deal with various technologies simultaneously. Due to high flexibility of workforce in software projects and very specific requirements to project members, there emerge situations when the resourc es are allocated inefficiently.Problem StatementThe problem considered in this report is the following. The company provides the services of software development to a large number of clients. Due to the varied nature of projects, short-term project life cycle and specific skill sets needed in software projects there emerges the problem of inefficient resource allocation.According to Fairley (2011), companies providing the services of custom software development and companies offering consulting services in software development allocate 85% or more of their operating costs to development costs. In other words, business costs of such companies are formed by the salaries paid to software developers and other IT professionals (Fairley, 2011). However, the company has numerous inefficiencies in the process of workforce allocation to projects. This means that the company spends excess money on development and reduces the chances of successful project completion. Such state of affairs redu ces the companys competitiveness and viability. Therefore, it is important to address and resolve this workplace issue.There are several sources of inefficiency in the current process of resource allocation. The company deals with different projects, the duration of which varies from 2 weeks to 6 months on average. These projects are broken into stages; commonly, these stages include setting requirements and planning, software design, implementation, verification and sometimes maintenance (Martin, 2009). At each stage, the number of IT professionals required is different, and the skill sets needed during different phases also change. However, project team is usually assigned at the first stage, and there are additional resource allocations during implementation and verification phases.Sometimes project members lack the necessary skills for implementation and verification. They have to deal with technologies where they have little experience or perform supplementary tasks. It also ha ppens that team members have no business expertise in the required domain, and there are no professionals with the required technical skills and business knowledge available. In such cases, team members have to master the new domain, which increases their value for future projects but reduces the effectiveness of solutions in the existing project. Finally, the work load is not uniform: there are times when team members have to work overtime and times when team members have to wait until other developers complete their parts of work. Such situation leads to professional burnout after overtimes (which are followed by escalating project costs) and to low performance during the idle time.This report is devoted to analyzing the problem of inefficient resource allocation in a software development company, considering several workplace programs and procedures aimed at resolving this problem and selecting one of the alternatives according to five criteria of software project effectiveness r elevant to the situation. Therefore, this report contributes to improving workplace effectiveness in companies providing the services of custom software development.Overview of AlternativesAlternative AThe first alternative that is commonly used in software development industry relies on the services of outsourcers or freelancers. Analysis of the key factors causing inefficiencies in resource allocation shows that there are three major causes: inflexible or premature allocation of resources, absence of prospective team members with the required characteristics (combined with the inefficiency of hiring developers with these characteristics due to short-time nature of the tasks) and fluctuating workload.The industry-wide practice is to invite freelancers or using the services of outstaffing companies to resolve such issues (Futrell, Shafer Shafer, 2002). Possible implementation of such approach include (Futrell, Shafer Shafer, 2002): placing ads for the required freelance services, contacting potential team members in person or using the services of an outsourcing company. It would be most efficient to use the latter option and sign a contract with several outstaffing companies. These companies would help to add external team members when necessary.Alternative BAnother alternative is using more efficient resource leveling practices and detailed assessment of employee skills and abilities. The proposed program is the following: project managers should divide the stages of the project into smaller sub-stages, assign project roles and responsibilities in accordance with these sub-stages (Schiel, 2009). It is essential that project managers adjust project roles after every sub-stage of the project and align the changes with the schedule containing   activities of potential team members (including previous projects and future projects) (Schiel, 2009). HRM professionals should improve skills assessment process and introduce sub-skills in development and different business domains. These skills should be weighed against current project role requirements so that project managers could assign team members who can add maximal value to the project.CriteriaCriterion 1. Compliance with customer requirementsThis criterion determines to which degree the companys ability to adhere to customer requirements will be changed after implementing the new program.Criterion 2. Adherence to initial budget estimates.This criterion determines the extent to which project teams will be able to match initial budgets after implementing the new program.Criterion 3. Compliance with project timingThis criterion describes the degree of complying with schedule that teams will demonstrate after implementing the new program.Criterion 4. Business risk exposureThis criterion assesses the change in the degree of exposure to business risks achieved due to implementing the new program.Criterion 5. Project risk exposureThis criterion assesses the change in the degree of exposure to project risks achieved due to implementing the new program.Research MethodsThe methods used to research the information needed to determine the best recommended alternative included reviewing literature, analyzing research evidence pertaining to the impact of the use of outstaffing and advanced resource leveling on project resource allocation. In addition, the sources related to the influence of outstaffing and/or resource leveling on software quality, project time and budget, project risks and corporate risks were considered. The information was collected from software project management books, human resource management books and journals, computer science journals and case studies evaluating the effect of project management solutions.

Role of Political Parties in Japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Role of Political Parties in Japan - Essay Example The Japanese political system has been subject to various political changes since the time the constitutional government has emerged. Political Parties emerged in Japan after the Meiji restoration in 1868. According to the Encyclopedia Britannica after 1868 a number of political parties emerged and some of them did get some share in forming the government. According to Hayes the first political party was founded in 1874 and the second one in 1882. The first party was called â€Å"Liberal Party’ and the second one kept on changing its name and finally settled as the Democratic Party. As stated in Encyclopedia Britannica there was a period of inactivity among political parties in the 1930s and 40s due to the war. However total liberty for the formation of political parties was given after the promulgation of the 1947 constitution. Strict rules were followed and any organization which expressed its wish to nominate a person for political posts was to be registered as a political party. As such Japan saw thousands of political parties out of which only a few managed to get a place in the spot light. At present there are five major political parties in Japan. Political system in Japan is based on the leadership provided by the Liberal Democratic Party and the opposition by other parties. Japan owes its success to the policies adopted by the LDP. Indeed LDP has made Japan an economic success on the map of the world. Today Japan is an important member of all the important organizations of the world. Its worth is valued all over and it is all due to the successful policies of the LDP. Other opposition parties have to work hard to bring about a real change in the Japanese political system.

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING assignment 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING assignment 3 - Essay Example The attitude towards work and system are very important attributes towards the success of a project. Platform experience: As an embedded real time system is involved, staff of the development project must be experienced to handle that. People with no expertise in the related system would require a lot of time and cost to get equipped with the system complexities. 1. Functional and non functional requirements: Functional requirements are statement of services the system should provide. It tells the systems behavior towards particular inputs and situations. It sometimes states what the system should not do. The non functional requirements offer the constraints on the services offered by the system. They include timing constraints, development process and standards constraint. It applies to the system on the whole. 4. System requirements and Interface specification: It adds detail and explains how the user requirements should be provided by the system. It includes software, hardware, interoperability and other critical system requirements. The types of interfaces that need to be defined are procedural interfaces, data structures and representation of data.